Markup to Margin Conversion Table (1% to 200%)
The full conversion in both directions. Find the markup you add to cost and read the margin it produces, or start from the margin you need and read the markup that gets you there. Every percentage that has its own page is linked.
Markup to margin
Margin = markup ÷ (100 + markup). The multiplier is 1 + markup/100: multiply a cost by it to get the price. Below 100% markup every step of 1% is listed; above 100% the table moves in steps of 10%, because at that level a point of markup changes the margin by well under a quarter of a point.
| Markup on cost | Gross margin | Price multiplier |
|---|---|---|
| 1% | 1% | 1.01× |
| 2% | 2% | 1.02× |
| 3% | 2.9% | 1.03× |
| 4% | 3.8% | 1.04× |
| 5% | 4.8% | 1.05× |
| 6% | 5.7% | 1.06× |
| 7% | 6.5% | 1.07× |
| 8% | 7.4% | 1.08× |
| 9% | 8.3% | 1.09× |
| 10% | 9.1% | 1.1× |
| 11% | 9.9% | 1.11× |
| 12% | 10.7% | 1.12× |
| 13% | 11.5% | 1.13× |
| 14% | 12.3% | 1.14× |
| 15% | 13% | 1.15× |
| 16% | 13.8% | 1.16× |
| 17% | 14.5% | 1.17× |
| 18% | 15.3% | 1.18× |
| 19% | 16% | 1.19× |
| 20% | 16.7% | 1.2× |
| 21% | 17.4% | 1.21× |
| 22% | 18% | 1.22× |
| 23% | 18.7% | 1.23× |
| 24% | 19.4% | 1.24× |
| 25% | 20% | 1.25× |
| 26% | 20.6% | 1.26× |
| 27% | 21.3% | 1.27× |
| 28% | 21.9% | 1.28× |
| 29% | 22.5% | 1.29× |
| 30% | 23.1% | 1.3× |
| 31% | 23.7% | 1.31× |
| 32% | 24.2% | 1.32× |
| 33% | 24.8% | 1.33× |
| 34% | 25.4% | 1.34× |
| 35% | 25.9% | 1.35× |
| 36% | 26.5% | 1.36× |
| 37% | 27% | 1.37× |
| 38% | 27.5% | 1.38× |
| 39% | 28.1% | 1.39× |
| 40% | 28.6% | 1.4× |
| 41% | 29.1% | 1.41× |
| 42% | 29.6% | 1.42× |
| 43% | 30.1% | 1.43× |
| 44% | 30.6% | 1.44× |
| 45% | 31% | 1.45× |
| 46% | 31.5% | 1.46× |
| 47% | 32% | 1.47× |
| 48% | 32.4% | 1.48× |
| 49% | 32.9% | 1.49× |
| 50% | 33.3% | 1.5× |
| 51% | 33.8% | 1.51× |
| 52% | 34.2% | 1.52× |
| 53% | 34.6% | 1.53× |
| 54% | 35.1% | 1.54× |
| 55% | 35.5% | 1.55× |
| 56% | 35.9% | 1.56× |
| 57% | 36.3% | 1.57× |
| 58% | 36.7% | 1.58× |
| 59% | 37.1% | 1.59× |
| 60% | 37.5% | 1.6× |
| 61% | 37.9% | 1.61× |
| 62% | 38.3% | 1.62× |
| 63% | 38.7% | 1.63× |
| 64% | 39% | 1.64× |
| 65% | 39.4% | 1.65× |
| 66% | 39.8% | 1.66× |
| 67% | 40.1% | 1.67× |
| 68% | 40.5% | 1.68× |
| 69% | 40.8% | 1.69× |
| 70% | 41.2% | 1.7× |
| 71% | 41.5% | 1.71× |
| 72% | 41.9% | 1.72× |
| 73% | 42.2% | 1.73× |
| 74% | 42.5% | 1.74× |
| 75% | 42.9% | 1.75× |
| 76% | 43.2% | 1.76× |
| 77% | 43.5% | 1.77× |
| 78% | 43.8% | 1.78× |
| 79% | 44.1% | 1.79× |
| 80% | 44.4% | 1.8× |
| 81% | 44.8% | 1.81× |
| 82% | 45.1% | 1.82× |
| 83% | 45.4% | 1.83× |
| 84% | 45.7% | 1.84× |
| 85% | 45.9% | 1.85× |
| 86% | 46.2% | 1.86× |
| 87% | 46.5% | 1.87× |
| 88% | 46.8% | 1.88× |
| 89% | 47.1% | 1.89× |
| 90% | 47.4% | 1.9× |
| 91% | 47.6% | 1.91× |
| 92% | 47.9% | 1.92× |
| 93% | 48.2% | 1.93× |
| 94% | 48.5% | 1.94× |
| 95% | 48.7% | 1.95× |
| 96% | 49% | 1.96× |
| 97% | 49.2% | 1.97× |
| 98% | 49.5% | 1.98× |
| 99% | 49.7% | 1.99× |
| 100% | 50% | 2× |
| 110% | 52.4% | 2.1× |
| 120% | 54.5% | 2.2× |
| 130% | 56.5% | 2.3× |
| 140% | 58.3% | 2.4× |
| 150% | 60% | 2.5× |
| 160% | 61.5% | 2.6× |
| 170% | 63% | 2.7× |
| 180% | 64.3% | 2.8× |
| 190% | 65.5% | 2.9× |
| 200% | 66.7% | 3× |
Margin to markup
Markup = margin ÷ (100 − margin). The multiplier is 1 ÷ (1 − margin/100): multiply a cost by it, or divide by (1 − margin/100), to get the price that carries that margin. The markup needed rises steeply past 50% margin, which is why high-margin categories quote margin and never markup.
| Gross margin | Markup needed | Price multiplier |
|---|---|---|
| 1% | 1% | 1.0101× |
| 2% | 2% | 1.0204× |
| 3% | 3.1% | 1.0309× |
| 4% | 4.2% | 1.0417× |
| 5% | 5.3% | 1.0526× |
| 6% | 6.4% | 1.0638× |
| 7% | 7.5% | 1.0753× |
| 8% | 8.7% | 1.087× |
| 9% | 9.9% | 1.0989× |
| 10% | 11.1% | 1.1111× |
| 11% | 12.4% | 1.1236× |
| 12% | 13.6% | 1.1364× |
| 13% | 14.9% | 1.1494× |
| 14% | 16.3% | 1.1628× |
| 15% | 17.6% | 1.1765× |
| 16% | 19% | 1.1905× |
| 17% | 20.5% | 1.2048× |
| 18% | 22% | 1.2195× |
| 19% | 23.5% | 1.2346× |
| 20% | 25% | 1.25× |
| 21% | 26.6% | 1.2658× |
| 22% | 28.2% | 1.2821× |
| 23% | 29.9% | 1.2987× |
| 24% | 31.6% | 1.3158× |
| 25% | 33.3% | 1.3333× |
| 26% | 35.1% | 1.3514× |
| 27% | 37% | 1.3699× |
| 28% | 38.9% | 1.3889× |
| 29% | 40.8% | 1.4085× |
| 30% | 42.9% | 1.4286× |
| 31% | 44.9% | 1.4493× |
| 32% | 47.1% | 1.4706× |
| 33% | 49.3% | 1.4925× |
| 34% | 51.5% | 1.5152× |
| 35% | 53.8% | 1.5385× |
| 36% | 56.2% | 1.5625× |
| 37% | 58.7% | 1.5873× |
| 38% | 61.3% | 1.6129× |
| 39% | 63.9% | 1.6393× |
| 40% | 66.7% | 1.6667× |
| 41% | 69.5% | 1.6949× |
| 42% | 72.4% | 1.7241× |
| 43% | 75.4% | 1.7544× |
| 44% | 78.6% | 1.7857× |
| 45% | 81.8% | 1.8182× |
| 46% | 85.2% | 1.8519× |
| 47% | 88.7% | 1.8868× |
| 48% | 92.3% | 1.9231× |
| 49% | 96.1% | 1.9608× |
| 50% | 100% | 2× |
| 51% | 104.1% | 2.0408× |
| 52% | 108.3% | 2.0833× |
| 53% | 112.8% | 2.1277× |
| 54% | 117.4% | 2.1739× |
| 55% | 122.2% | 2.2222× |
| 56% | 127.3% | 2.2727× |
| 57% | 132.6% | 2.3256× |
| 58% | 138.1% | 2.381× |
| 59% | 143.9% | 2.439× |
| 60% | 150% | 2.5× |
| 61% | 156.4% | 2.5641× |
| 62% | 163.2% | 2.6316× |
| 63% | 170.3% | 2.7027× |
| 64% | 177.8% | 2.7778× |
| 65% | 185.7% | 2.8571× |
| 66% | 194.1% | 2.9412× |
| 67% | 203% | 3.0303× |
| 68% | 212.5% | 3.125× |
| 69% | 222.6% | 3.2258× |
| 70% | 233.3% | 3.3333× |
| 71% | 244.8% | 3.4483× |
| 72% | 257.1% | 3.5714× |
| 73% | 270.4% | 3.7037× |
| 74% | 284.6% | 3.8462× |
| 75% | 300% | 4× |
| 76% | 316.7% | 4.1667× |
| 77% | 334.8% | 4.3478× |
| 78% | 354.5% | 4.5455× |
| 79% | 376.2% | 4.7619× |
| 80% | 400% | 5× |
| 81% | 426.3% | 5.2632× |
| 82% | 455.6% | 5.5556× |
| 83% | 488.2% | 5.8824× |
| 84% | 525% | 6.25× |
| 85% | 566.7% | 6.6667× |
| 86% | 614.3% | 7.1429× |
| 87% | 669.2% | 7.6923× |
| 88% | 733.3% | 8.3333× |
| 89% | 809.1% | 9.0909× |
| 90% | 900% | 10× |
| 91% | 1011.1% | 11.1111× |
| 92% | 1150% | 12.5× |
| 93% | 1328.6% | 14.2857× |
| 94% | 1566.7% | 16.6667× |
| 95% | 1900% | 20× |
How to use the table
Pricing from a cost sheet: take the supplier cost, pick the markup row, multiply by the multiplier. Reporting to anyone who reads accounts: find the same row and quote the margin column, not the markup. Checking a competitor: if you know the category runs at a 40% margin and their price is $80, their cost is close to $48 (80 × 0.6). Planning a promotion: the margin column is the deepest discount the line can take before it sells at cost.
Two rows are worth memorising. A 100% markup, "keystone" in retail, is a 50% margin. A 50% markup is a 33.3% margin, which surprises almost everyone the first time; that single row explains most of the disputes between buyers who quote margin and sellers who quote markup.